منابع مشابه
Apoptosis and cytotoxins.
Most xenobiotics ultimately become lethally cytotoxic, according to concentration. Toxins with completely disparate mechanisms of action induce apoptotic cell death. This suggests that the threshold for the onset of cell death can be determined by the relative expression levels of genes which promote or suppress apoptosis. The selectivity of a toxin may thus be determined not only by the select...
متن کاملA Note on the Specificity of Cytotoxins
1. The plasma of guinea pigs treated by injections of rat sarcoma exhibits a toxic action in tissue culture preparations on the cells of both rat sarcoma and rat embryo skin. Similarly, the plasma of guinea pigs immunized by injections of rat embryo skin is toxic for cells of both types. 2. Injection of rat blood immunizes against both sarcoma and embryo skin, although not so strongly as inject...
متن کاملCobra Cytotoxins: Structural Organization and Antibacterial Activity
Cardiotoxins (cytotoxins, CT) are β-structured proteins isolated from the venom of cobra. They consist of 59-61 amino acid residues, whose antiparallel chains form three 'fingers'. In contrast to neurotoxins with an overall similar fold, CTs are amphiphilic. The amphiphilicity is caused by positively charged lysine and arginine residues flanking the tips of the loops that consist primarily of h...
متن کاملCytotoxins Produced by Shiga Toxigenic Escherichia coli
The Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC) O113:H21 strain 98NK2, which was responsible for an outbreak of hemolytic uremic syndrome, secretes a highly potent and lethal subtilase cytotoxin that is unrelated to any bacterial toxin described to date. It is the prototype of a new family of AB 5 toxins, comprising a single 35-kilodalton (kD) A subunit and a pentamer of 13-kD B subunits. The A sub...
متن کاملTargeting tumors with hypoxia-activated cytotoxins.
This review focuses on the recent development of hypoxia-activated cytotoxins. Such drugs are prodrugs activated to cytotoxic products in the hypoxic environment of solid tumors (so-called "bioreductive prodrugs"), but can also be activated by radiation (radiation-activated prodrugs). These compounds grew out of research on hypoxic radiosensitizers, which are compounds that can overcome the rad...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Comparative Pathology and Therapeutics
سال: 1903
ISSN: 0368-1742
DOI: 10.1016/s0368-1742(03)80109-1