Cytotoxic Activity of Peronema canescens Jack Leaves on Human Cells: HT-29 and Primary Adenocarcinoma Colon Cancer

Background: In Indonesia, this species was well known in Sumatera, Kalimantan, Java, and Sulawesi. Peronema canescens Jack (Sungkai) traditionally used as an anti-flatulent, fever, toothache. Sungkai leaves contain many secondary metabolites with potential anticancer activity. The reported research still limited to the cytotoxic activity of chloroform extract on HT-29 colon cancer cell line. However, it necessary uncover underlying mechanism. Aim: purpose study investigate mechanism (such cycle inhibition, induces cells apoptosis, necrosis) subfraction (SF3) from P. has primary Adenocarcinoma (AdenoCa pT3N1cM1) cells. Materials Methods: extraction by maceration method using methanol solvent, fractionation process vacuum column chromatography (VCC) polarity gradient eluent. cytotoxicity SF3 measured MTT assay. apoptosis induction, necrosis were evaluated Flow cytometry method. Results: Cytotoxicity value (IC50) against AdenoCa 1.897 μg/ml. inhibition synthesis mitosis phase demonstrated that different concentrations have (29.614 μg/ml) 26.79% 0.16%, (14.807 10.27% 19.29%, respectively. For induced 26.58% 11.50%, successively. Whereas, μg/ ml) 0.02%, 9.56%, Conclusion: subfractions through