Covert Beamforming Design for Intelligent-Reflecting-Surface-Assisted IoT Networks

In this article, we consider covert beamforming design for intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-assisted Internet-of-Things (IoT) networks, where Alice utilizes IRS to covertly transmit a message Bob without being recognized by Willie. We investigate the joint beamformer of and maximize rate when knowledge about Willie’s channel state information (WCSI) is perfect imperfect at Alice, respectively. For former case, develop under constraint applying semidefinite relaxation. latter optimal decision threshold Willie derived, analyze false alarm missed detection probabilities. Furthermore, utilize property Kullback–Leibler divergence robust based on relaxation, $S$ -Lemma, alternate iteration approach. Finally, numerical experiments evaluate performance proposed design.