Cosmological constraints on dark energy in <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" id="d1e599" altimg="si14.svg"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>f</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mi>Q</mml:mi><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math> gravity: A parametrized perspective

In this paper, we focus on the parametrization of effective equation state (EoS) parameter within framework $f(Q)$ symmetric teleparallel gravity. Here, gravitational action is represented by an arbitrary function non-metricity scalar $Q$. By utilizing a specific EoS and power-law model theory, namely $f(Q)=\beta Q^{\left( m+1\right) }$ (where $\beta$ $m$ are constants), derive cosmological solution Hubble $H(z)$. To constrain parameters, employ recent observational data, including Observational Data ($OHD$), Baryon Acoustic Oscillations data ($BAO$), Type Ia supernovae ($SNe$ Ia). The current constrained value deceleration found to be $q_{0}=-0.50^{+0.01}_{-0.01}$, indicating that Universe accelerating. Furthermore, examine evolution density, EoS, $Om(z)$ diagnostic parameters deduce accelerating nature Universe. Finally, perform stability analysis with linear perturbations confirm model's stability.