Constructing FeN4/graphitic nitrogen atomic interface for high-efficiency electrochemical CO2 reduction over a broad potential window

نویسندگان

چکیده

•Eliminating H2 generation catalytic sites with H2-etching-pyrolysis•Constructed an “atomic interface” between single metal atom non-metal atom•Observed the CO2 and H2O both participate in CO2RR through situ ATR-SEIRAS•High selectivity a FECO above 90% over very broad potential range The development of low-cost, high-performance electrocatalysts for electrochemical reduction reaction (CO2RR) investigation related mechanism are crucial importance to solve problems greenhouse effect energy shortage, yet such tasks remain rather challenging. In this work, we developed selective etching strategy remove undesired H2-producing Fe–N–C put forward new concept metal/non-metal as robust catalyst promoting activation protonation assistance co-adsorbed H2O, which greatly broadens featuring high CO2-to-CO selectivity. This work not only demonstrates rational design precise structural modulation nitrogen-doped single-atom catalysts but also enables us tandem subsequent synthesis high-valued hydrocarbons. Atomically dispersed has shown great performance conversion, CO is achieved within narrow range, cannot well meet requirements following dimerization or hydrogenation. Here, hydrogen-pyrolysis precisely manipulate uncoordinated N dopants catalyst. could preferentially eliminate pyridinic pyrrolic atoms while leaving graphitic N. resulting gave faradaic efficiency (FECO) window from ?0.3 ?0.8 V (versus RHE) (in particular, > 97% at ?0.6 V). ATR-SEIRAS first-principle calculations further revealed that can suppress parasitic promote on “FeN4/graphitic N.” overdependence petrochemical resulted excessive amount emitted gas atmosphere. Electrochemical hydrocarbon fuels attractive overcome some environment sectors.1Hori Y. electrodes.in: Modern Aspects Electrochemistry. Vol 42. 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Xin Jin Xing al.Single-atom Rh/N-doped formic acid oxidation.Nat. 15: 390-397Crossref (165) Fe(Cp)2 classic inexpensive metallocene does contain ligands itself compound.31Malischewski Adelhardt Sutter Meyer Seppelt Isolation characterization salts decamethylferrocene dication.Science. 353: 678-682Crossref (55) During Fe–N–C, excess ferrocene captured would directly volatilized avoid aggregating nanoparticles. eliminates typical post-processing leaching ensure exist form As illustrated Figure 1A, accommodated molecular cages ZIF8 [email protected] After 900°C H2/Ar (5:95) gaseous mixture 3 h, precursor transformed co-doped framework, N2–FeN4/C sample prepared same procedure, pure N2 (for details, please see Supplemental experimental procedures). powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) patterns all samples showed shoulder 2? 20°–30°, assigned (002) plane amorphous carbon. Notably, no peaks characteristic particles were observed (Figure S1). Raman spectra S2) content introduced defects lower than N2–FeN4/C, result etching.19Wu scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images (Figures 1B S3), together transmission (TEM) 1C seen as-prepared retained initial surface area dodecahedral shape after treatments S3–S6). Also, highest hydrophilicity among 1C, S3, S5). High-angle annular dark-field TEM corresponding energy-dispersive spectroscopy (HAADF-STEM-EDS) mapping 1D, 1E, S3) indicated Fe, C, evenly throughout entire dodecahedron without any metallic particles. aberration-corrected HAADF-STEM image 1F bright dots density, recognized neural network deep-learning arithmetic recognition 1G correspond atoms. Then, environments systematically investigated absorption (XAS) valence-to-core (V2C) emission (XES). K-edge near-edge structure (XANES) valence around Fe(II) former lower, probably 2A). XANES L-edge S7), L3 split ligand field show characteristics, indicating centers similar spin states.32Zhou Duchesne P.N. Regier Dai Fe–N bonding nanotube–graphene complex reduction: XAS study.Phys. Phys. 16: 15787-15791Crossref 33Li Yan al.Fe isolated S, Codoped copolymer reaction.Adv. 30: e1800588Crossref (345) 34Liu Ding Xie Haleem Y.A. ur Rehman Sang al.In trapped high-density graphene: iron-containing hybrids representatives reduction.Nano 2217-2228Crossref Fourier-transformed (FT) k2-weighted extended fine (FT-EXAFS) 2B; Table S3 phase correction; S8 uncorrected data) peak ?1.80 Å, consistent path FePc (iron(II) phthalocyanine) shorter Fe–C (?1.91Å) Fe(Cp)2. located ?1.83 closer Fe–N. Furthermore, wavelet transform (WT) ?(k) 2C), [?(k), ?(R)] intensity maximum bond. To more clearly identify (especially adjacent element, N, O), V2C XES carried out 2D).35Lancaster K.M. Roemelt Ettenhuber Ribbe Neese Bergmann U. DeBeer evidences central nitrogenase iron-molybdenum cofactor.Science. 334: 974-977Crossref (588) region, signals K?2,5 K?? observed. bonding, feature 7,103.0 eV, C4? 2s ? 1s transition, 7,098.9 N3? Fe2O3 Fe–O 7,097.6 O2? transition. For 7,099 almost position (with well-identified bonding). These data strongly indicate Fe–O. Moreover, best FT-EXAFS fitting results R space k bonded four 2E S9), confirming sites. conducted detailed study non-metallic elements. Inductively coupled plasma optical spectrometry (ICP-OES) dozens times H2–FeN4/C: 4.303 wt %, 0.459 %; N2–FeN4/C: 13.41 0.106 %) (Table findings doping uncoordinated. High-resolution photoelectron (XPS) C C1s S10) sp2-hybridized dominant.21Sheng S11), C–N–C decreased significantly H2–FeN4/C, loss process. spectral profile deconvoluted five 2F 2G), (398.5 eV), N-metal (399.5 eV),36Dubey Bernasek S.L. Schwartz Highly sensitive nitric detection spectroscopy.J. 2007; 129: 6980-6981Crossref (37) Scholar,37Jiang Gu L.J. J.Q. J.S. 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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Chem

سال: 2021

ISSN: ['2451-9308', '2451-9294']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chempr.2021.02.001