Confirming Resonance in Three Transiting Systems

Abstract Although resonant planets have orbital periods near commensurability, resonance is also dictated by other factors, such as the planets’ eccentricities and masses, therefore must be confirmed through a study of system’s dynamics. Here, we perform for five multiplanet systems: Kepler-226, Kepler-254, Kepler-363, Kepler-1542, K2-32. For each system, run suite N -body simulations that span full parameter space consistent with constrained planetary properties. We stability system look resonances based on libration critical angles. find strong evidence two-body in system; confirm 3:2 between Kepler-226c Kepler-226d, Kepler-254c Kepler-254d, three-body 1:2:3 chain three Kepler-363. explore dynamical history two these systems most likely formed without migration. Migration leads to angle, but angles circulate both Kepler-254 Applying our methods additional near-resonant could help us identify which are truly or nonresonant require follow-up analysis.