منابع مشابه
Lexicographic probability, conditional probability, and nonstandard probability
The relationship between Popper spaces (conditional probability spaces that satisfy some regularity conditions), lexicographic probability systems (LPS’s) [Blume, Brandenburger, and Dekel 1991a; Blume, Brandenburger, and Dekel 1991b], and nonstandard probability spaces (NPS’s) is considered. If countable additivity is assumed, Popper spaces and a subclass of LPS’s are equivalent; without the as...
متن کاملConditional Probability
A fair die is about to be tossed. The probability that it lands with ‘5’ showing up is 1/6; this is an unconditional probability. But the probability that it lands with ‘5’ showing up, given that it lands with an odd number showing up, is 1/3; this is a conditional probability. In general, conditional probability is probability given some body of evidence or information, probability relativised...
متن کاملProbability , Conditional Probability and Bayes Formula
The intuition of chance and probability develops at very early ages.1 However, a formal, precise definition of the probability is elusive. If the experiment can be repeated potentially infinitely many times, then the probability of an event can be defined through relative frequencies. For instance, if we rolled a die repeatedly, we could construct a frequency distribution table showing how many...
متن کاملConditional Belief, Knowledge and Probability
A natural way to represent beliefs and the process of updating beliefs is presented by Bayesian probability theory, where belief of an agent a in P can be interpreted as a considering that P is more probable than not P. This paper attempts to get at the core logical notion underlying this. The paper presents a sound and complete neighbourhood logic for conditional belief and knowledge, and trac...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Acta Ophthalmologica
سال: 2009
ISSN: 1755-375X
DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.1988.tb04048.x