Conclusion Final Considerations: Driving Forces and Barriers Affecting Curriculum Reforms

Theme A presents two types of studies. The first type are cases reforms undertaken in various countries or regions that considered special for different reasons. Some were chosen because they produced a significant change the curriculum, sometimes short period time – like related to New Math movement and as long-standing process is still force today even expanding internationally case with Realistic Mathematics Education movement. In both cases, however, left remarkable effects can be located at origin research communities mathematics education, local well international ones. second choices past reforms, illustrate how could affected by political movements countries, those promoted OECD, UNESCO or, more significantly, ICMI itself, also cultural values visions about nature role our societies.