Compounded chelating agent derived from fruit residue extracts effectively enhances Cd phytoextraction by Sedum alfredii

Chelating agent is known as the enhancer for metal phytoextraction; however, there still a lack of efficient and environmentally sustainable chelators. Here, lemon residue extraction (LRE), prepared from 11 kinds fruit wastes, was combined with N, N-bis (carboxymethyl) glutamic acid (GLDA), tea saponin (T.S.) compounded plant-derived chelator (CPC), their influences on Cd phytoextraction by hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii evaluated. Among these fruits, extracted most significant amount soil. The effective CPC at volume ratio three agents being 15:4:1 (LRE:GLDA:T.S.). Compared deionized water, solubility minerals increased 85–256 times, speciation substantially altered after application. In pot experiment, addition caused evident increases in plant shoot biomass, efficiency, organic matter content compared EDTA nitrilotriacetic (NTA) induced fewer changes bacterial community composition had no pronounced influence microbial biomass carbon α-diversity, suggesting subtle impact microbiological environments. Our study provides theoretical base reutilization wastes development environmental-friendly that assists phytoextraction.