Comparison of Effects of Ketamine, Esmolol and Lidocaine on Propofol Injection Pain

Objective: Propofol is the most frequently used agent for intravenous anesthesia administration. However, during propofol injection, pain may develop in hand and forearm region cause unwanted situations. Different applications have been to prevent injection pain. Although lidocaine often proprofol pain, anesthetic ketamine, which has an analgesic feature, also preferred. In recent years, feature of esmolol, a short-acting beta blocker, emphasized. Our aim was evaluate effects three different agents, esmolol or lidocaine, on severity developing by injection. Also, hemodynamic were investigated. Methods: Sixty cases ASA groups I II, aged from 18 80 years old undergoing elective operations included study. To reduce due patients given either 0.5 mg/kg HCl lidocaine. For induction 1% administered, presence arm questioned recorded. 4-point numerical scale (no pain: 1, mild 2, moderate 3 severe 4). Arm pull motion Results: There no significant differences between according pulling rates. difference parameters preoperatively, first, 5th, 10th, 15th, 20th 30th minute. Conclusion: Ketamine, can safely control Esmolol, ketamine provided effective analgesia at doses our study without affecting findings patients.