Comparative Analysis of Metabolites between Different Altitude Schizothorax nukiangensis (Cyprinidae, Schizothoracine) on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in Nujiang River

In order to investigate the influence of high-altitude aquatic environment on indigenous fish metabolites, metabolomics studies were applied in this study. Widespread throughout main stem Nujiang River Schizothorax nukiangensis, we established sampling sites at high (3890 m) and low (2100 altitudes selected six S. nukiangensis each location, weighing approximately 150 g looking healthy. Then, analysis was performed compare various metabolites two groups. Low concentrations amino acids, dipeptides, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic pentadecanoic Thioetheramide-PC, 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine, 1-Stearoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine, 1-Myristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine 1-Palmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, S-Methyl-5’-thioadenosine, creatine, D-mannose-6-phosphate, D-mannose-1-phosphate, oleic acid myristoleic found liver. These differentially accumulated involved oxidative stress, energy metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism lipid metabolism. mTOR signaling pathway, apoptosis lysosome KEGG pathways that enriched between different groups ensure supply limit tissue damage altitudes. All these results contributed understanding adaptation River. Nicotine methoprene, organic pollutants, differently Overall, our findings advanced fundamental responses environments, adaptive mechanisms contaminants pollution