Co-Design of CVT-Based Electric Vehicles

For an electric vehicle (EV) with a continuously variable transmission (CVT), novel convex programming (CP)-based co-design method is proposed to minimize the total-cost-of-ownership (TCO). The integration of machine (EM) and CVT primary focus. optimized system reduces TCO by around 5.9% compared non-optimized CVT-based EV (based on off-the-shelf components) 2% equipped single-speed (SST). By taking advantage control design freedom provided CVT, optimal EM battery sizes are found reduce cost. It simultaneously finds speed ratio air-flow rate cooling reducing energy consumption. strength highlighted comparing sequential design, insights into low-power that energy-efficient cost-effective for urban driving provided. A highly integrated EM-CVT system, which efficient, low-cost lightweight, can be expected future applications.