Climate Change Projection and Its Impacts on Building Façades in Singapore

Singapore is one of the most populous countries, and majority population stays in high-rise public flats. In 2021, there were about 1.1 million residential units, which 79% above 20 years old. The number incidents falling objects from a height has been increasing due to aging deterioration buildings. Periodic Façade Inspection (PFI) regime was enacted 2020 mandate façade inspections for all buildings 13 m exceeding However, relatively new PFI not considered potential impacts climate change on building façades. this paper, common root causes defects that can be impacted by are first identified. Based projection 2100, expected experience higher mean temperature, rainfall intensity, more extreme events, wind gust speed. Overall, these changes pattern will accelerate corrosion or degradation, material fatigue, adhesion failure, biological attack, humidity dampness. vertical greeneries also discussed. This paper provides insight into key concerns focus future revision improvement incorporate