Chimeric microbial rhodopsins for optical activation of Gs-proteins

Chimeric microbial rhodopsins for optical activation of Gs-proteins

We previously showed that the chimeric proteins of microbial rhodopsins, such as light-driven proton pump bacteriorhodopsin (BR) and Gloeobacter rhodopsin (GR) that contain cytoplasmic loops of bovine rhodopsin, are able to activate Gt protein upon light absorption. These facts suggest similar protein structural changes in both the light-driven proton pump and animal rhodopsin. Here we report t...

Ion-pumping microbial rhodopsins

Rhodopsins are light-sensing proteins used in optogenetics. The word "rhodopsin" originates from the Greek words "rhodo" and "opsis," indicating rose and sight, respectively. Although the classical meaning of rhodopsin is the red-colored pigment in our eyes, the modern meaning of rhodopsin encompasses photoactive proteins containing a retinal chromophore in animals and microbes. Animal and micr...

The Evolutionary Relationship between Microbial Rhodopsins and Metazoan Rhodopsins

Rhodopsins are photoreceptive proteins with seven-transmembrane alpha-helices and a covalently bound retinal. Based on their protein sequences, rhodopsins can be classified into microbial rhodopsins and metazoan rhodopsins. Because there is no clearly detectable sequence identity between these two groups, their evolutionary relationship was difficult to decide. Through ancestral state inference...

Photo-Induced Proton Transfers of Microbial Rhodopsins

development of different optical methods for determination of glucose using cadmium telluride quantum dots and silver nanoparticles

a simple, rapid and low-cost scanner spectroscopy method for the glucose determination by utilizing glucose oxidase and cdte/tga quantum dots as chromoionophore has been described. the detection was based on the combination of the glucose enzymatic reaction and the quenching effect of h2o2 on the cdte quantum dots (qds) photoluminescence.in this study glucose was determined by utilizing glucose...