Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial, and Cytotoxic Activities of Leaf, Fruit, and Branch Essential Oils Obtained From<i>Zanthoxylum nitidum</i>Grown in Vietnam

Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb.) DC is a traditional Vietnamese medicine to treat coughs, stomachache, toothache, blood stagnation, and sore throats. The essential oils (EOs) of the leaves, fruits, stems this plant were extracted by hydrodistillation subjected analysis gas chromatography (GC)-flame ionization detector (FID) GC-mass spectrometry (MS). isolated EOs then evaluated in terms their antimicrobial activity minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay vitro cytotoxic effect against 5 human tumor cell lines. GC-MS-FID showed 35, 32, 25 compounds accounting for 97.6%, 91.7%, 96.2% total EO contents from stems, respectively. major leaf limonene (44.3%), β-caryophyllene (12.5%), linalool (11.0%), germacrene D (5.3%), α-pinene (4.9%); fruit n-pentadecane (34.8%), sabinene (18.3%), n-heptadecane (4.7%), components stem 2-undecanone (72.3%), (5.8%), (4.0%). Z. exhibited antibacterial Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Fusarium oxysporum with MIC values 100 µg/mL. branch all tested cancer lines, especially A-549 HepG-2. Findings present study provide important knowledge about potential uses as natural antitumor agents.