Characterization of Lipopeptides Biosurfactants Produced by a Newly Isolated Strain Bacillus subtilis ZNI5: Potential Environmental Application

Aiming the production of lipopeptides biosurfactants (BioS), we isolated a new strain identified as Bacillus subtilis ZNI5 from hydrocarbon contaminated soil. Lipopeptides purification by anionic exchange chromatography and identification Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (RP-HPLC–MS) permitted selection different homologues divided into four families. The first family corresponds to Surfactin isoforms with molecular weights 1007, 1021 1035 Da; second correspond Iturin 1028, 1042 1056 third single isoform called Licheniformin weight 1410 fourth newly named Inesfactin 973 987 Da. Regarding functional properties BioS, it was characterized powerful surface-active agent that decreases Surface Tension water 72 mN/m about 32 CMC value 350 mg/L more efficient than chemical surfactants (Triton X100; CTAB SDS). Moreover, has capacity disperse oil 80 mm at concentration 800 showing close efficiencies listed surfactants. In addition, physic–chemical characterization surface activities BioS showed great thermal, pH salts activity stability enabling its use in bioremediation fields for diverse industrial applications.