Changes in Chemical Properties of Banana Pseudostem, Mushroom Media Waste, and Chicken Manure through the Co-Composting Process

Co-composting is an effective approach to biowaste management. The co-composting potential of banana pseudostem (BPS) and mushroom media waste (MMW) with chicken manure (CM) has not been explored, let alone their suitable ratios being determined. Meanwhile, the imbalance feedstocks used in process severely restrict physicochemical properties quality finished product. For this reason, six different BPS, MMW, CM, viz. 1:1:1, 1:2:1, 1:3:1, 2:1:1, 2:2:1, 2:3:1, respectively (T1–T6), were composted together aerobic conditions identify ratio by evaluating changes composting process. According treatments, mixed on fresh weight basis. turning piles was repeated at seven-day intervals maintain uniform aeration throughout period. having CM respectively, demonstrated a longer thermophilic phase, indicating more complete decomposition earlier maturity compared higher amount BPS. Of ratios, BPS:MMW:CM 1:2:1 (T2) resulted highest total nitrogen (1.53%), lowest C:N (12.4), organic matter loss (54.5%), increased CEC (41.3 cmol/kg). germination index (129%) also recorded T2 compost, that it toxic-free safe for seed germination. nutrient-rich compost high alkaline pH (≥10) can effectively ameliorate soils acidic nature, example, acidity Ultisols Oxisols.