Cerebral Ischemic Events Associated With ‘Bubble Study’ for Identification of Right to Left Shunts

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Cerebral ischemic events associated with 'bubble study' for identification of right to left shunts.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Detection of an intracardiac shunt is frequently sought during the evaluation of patients with cryptogenic ischemic stroke and agitated saline intravenous injection, or "bubble study" (BS), is performed in most cases. We present the first attempt to identify the clinical features in patients who had cerebral ischemic events with BS. METHODS Using a list serve establishe...

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The Identification of Right-to-Left Shunts

SEVERAL METHODS are now used in conjunction with cardiac catheterization for localizing and quantitating right-to-left shunts. These include the recording of indicator-dye concentration curves after selective intracardiac dye injection,14 the external recording of radioactivity following injection of radioactive materials,5 6 and the use of cardioangiograms or cineangiograms to picture the cour...

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Left-to-Right Shunts

Contrary to the opinion of French pediatrician HenriLouis that isolated ventricular septal defects (VSDs) are universally well tolerated, the subsequent discoveries of Eisenmenger, Abbott, Wood, and others have taught us that the prognosis of left-to-right shunt lesions is not always benign. After more than a century of research, as pediatric cardiologists and congenital heart surgeons, we clai...

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Quantitation of left-to-right cardiac shunts with radionuclide angiography.

A quantitative radionuclide angiogram technique using an intravenous injection of technetium99m (Tc-99m) pertechnetate is described for quantitation of left-to-right shunts in the central circulation. Data analysis assumes exponential indicator clearance from normal cardiac chambers by dilution. A late prolongation of tracer disappearance compared to the initial clearance rate indicates an abno...

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Hyperventilation test for diagnosis of left-to-right circulatory shunts.

Pulmonary and systemic arterial carbon dioxide tensions (Pco2) were measured at cardiac catheterization in I.f patients with left-to-right circulatory shunts and in irS patients with valvular heart disease. The measurements were performed under resting conditions and at 5-sec intervals during a 30-sec period of hyperventilation. In both groups the systemic arterial Pco2 fell significantly durin...

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Stroke

سال: 2009

ISSN: 0039-2499,1524-4628

DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.109.549683