CDKN2A/B Homozygous Deletions in Astrocytomas: A Literature Review

Genomic alterations of CDKN2A and CDKN2B in astrocytomas have been an evolving area study for decades. Most recently, there has considerable interest the effect and/or (CDKN2A/B) homozygous deletions (HD) on prognosis isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant astrocytomas. This is highlighted by adoption CDKN2A/B HD as essential criterion astrocytoma IDH-mutant central nervous system (CNS) WHO grade 4 fifth edition World Health Organisation (WHO) Classification Central Nervous System Tumours (2021). The genes are located short arm chromosome 9. encodes two proteins, p14 p16, p15. These proteins regulate cell growth angiogenesis. Interpreting impact complicated recent changes tumour classification a lack uniform standards testing CDKN2A/B. While prognostic established, role different alterations—heterozygous (HeD), point mutations, promoter methylation—is less clear. Consequently, how these alternations should be incorporated into patient management remains controversial. To this end, we reviewed literature their diagnosis management. We also provided historical review changing glioma evolved over time. Through context, demonstrate that important negative marker astrocytomas; however, data challenging to interpret given time, variation quality evidence, variations techniques used identify deletions. Therefore, future prospective studies using detection required improve clinical interpretation molecular marker.