منابع مشابه
A brood parasite selects for its own egg traits
Many brood parasitic birds lay eggs that mimic their hosts' eggs in appearance. This typically arises from selection from discriminating hosts that reject eggs which differ from their own. However, selection on parasitic eggs may also arise from parasites themselves, because it should pay a laying parasitic female to detect and destroy another parasitic egg previously laid in the same host nest...
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We investigate how the need for evermore programming languages arises, and how to fulfill this need. We show how the gap between building a library using an existing language and constructing a completely new language narrows. In doing so we discuss a few of the past and current research results from the Software Technology group at Utrecht University.
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The typical pattern-recognition program is either elaborately preprogrammed to process specific arrays of input patterns, or else it has been designed as a tabula rasa, with certain abilities to adjust its values, or "learn." The first type often cannot identify large classes of patterns that appear only trivially different to the human eye, but that would completely escape the machine's logic ...
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While many international organisations have independent evaluations, including the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Health organization (WHO), uniquely the World Bank in its 2015 World Development Report sought to ascertain the potential biases that influence how its staff interpret evidence and influence policy. Here, we describe the World Bank’s study design, including experiments ...
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As recent events attest, modern economies may have trouble enforcing Say’s Law. An economy with decentralized markets and trades between goods and a liquid asset, money, has two equilibria. In full-employment, output is determined by supply. But a higher demand for liquidity is self-fulfilling and precipitates the economy to an equilibrium where output is determined by demand: the increase of t...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Chem
سال: 2019
ISSN: 2451-9294
DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2019.07.011