منابع مشابه
Metallic photonic-band-gap filament architectures for optimized incandescent lighting
We identify an optimized three-dimensional metallic photonic-band-gap filament architecture for electrically pumped, quasithermal, visible light emission. This identification is based on extensive band structure and finite-difference time-domain calculations of metallic photonic crystals. The optimum structure consists of an inverse square-spiral photonic crystal, exhibiting a large bandwidth o...
متن کاملInventing-around Edison’s incandescent lamp patent: evidence of patents’ role in stimulating downstream development
Ron D. Katznelson and John Howells ABSTRACT We provide an anatomy of the influence of Edison’s incandescent lamp patent U.S. 223,898 on downstream development and show how subsequent inventor activity adjusts to the improved certainty provided by court decisions as to the boundaries of a patent’s claims. First, we show that court decisions upholding Edison’s patent generated a surge of patent f...
متن کاملPotential environmental impacts from the metals in incandescent, compact fluorescent lamp (CFL), and light-emitting diode (LED) bulbs.
Artificial lighting systems are transitioning from incandescent to compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) and light-emitting diode (LED) bulbs in response to the U.S. Energy Independence and Security Act and the EU Ecodesign Directive, which leads to energy savings and reduced greenhouse gas emissions. Although CFLs and LEDs are more energy-efficient than incandescent bulbs, they require more metal-con...
متن کاملa comparison between the effect of fluorescent lamps and quartz halogen incandescent filament lamps on the treatment of hyperbilirobinemia in newborns with the gestational age of 35 weeks or more
background: icter is the most prevalent disease in newborns. although most of the newborns affiliated with this seem healthy in other aspects, there is always a fear for toxic complication of indirect hyperbilirobinemia in the central nervous system. if the level of indirect bilirobin increases in the plasma to a level, which denotes the probability of danger, phototherapy must be carried out i...
متن کاملSynthesis of Carbon Nanotubes by Plasma Enhanced Hot-Filament C
A mixture of acetylene, hydrogen and ammonia C2H2/H2/NH3 is used to produce carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by a plasma-enhanced catalytic chemical vapor deposition process with hot-filaments assistance (PE HF CCVD). The investigation of gas phase and surface chemistry is performed by CHEMKINTM software. The concentration of gas phase species on the substrate is presented. Based on this study the role ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: JOURNAL OF THE ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF JAPAN
سال: 1922
ISSN: 0019-2341,1349-838X,2185-1506
DOI: 10.2150/jieij1917.6.77