Canadian Railways as Manufacturers, 1850‑1880

Advice for Manufacturers Advice from Experienced Manufacturers to Aspiring Manufacturers

Part of the second goal of the project was to develop information that could help organizations hoping to develop and commercialize medical devices to understand the managed care market environment and to prepare accordingly. We asked interview respondents representing manufacturers to offer advice for such organizations. Interview respondents generally offered extensive and thoughtful answers ...

An Empty Promise: Average Cost Savings and Scale Economies Among Canadian and American Manufacturers, 1910-1988

During the debate that led up to the implementation of a bilateral free trade agreement between Canada and the U.S. on January 1, 1989, much was made of economists’ claims that both nations could expect significant welfare improvements as a result of the removal of tariffs on traded goods. The welfare gains were expected to flow from average cost savings associated with the exploitation of scal...

An overview of Canadian privacy law for pharmaceutical and device manufacturers operating in Canada.

On Generalized Random Railways

We consider a random generalized railway defined as a random 3-regular multigraph where some vertices are regarded as switches not allowing traffic between any pair of attached edges. It is shown that the probability that the generalized railway is functioning is linear in the proportion of switches. Thus there is no threshold phenomenon for this property.

Safety Functions in Railways

There are several ways to describe and structure safety rules for railways, and a few examples are given in the report. A tentative holistic framework for describing safety features in relation to safety rules is presented. The approach has been applied on rules needed to regulate the communication between different railway organisations and other parties.