Bubble nucleation to all orders

A bstract This paper extends classical results by Langer and Kramers [1–3] combines them with modern methods from high-temperature field theory [4–8]. Assuming Langevin dynamics, the end-product is an all-orders description of bubble-nucleation at high temperatures. Specifically, it shown that equilibrium non-equilibrium effects factorize to all orders — nucleation rate splits into a statistical dynamical prefactor. The derivation clarifies, incorporates, higher-order corrections zero-modes [9–11]. also be real in perturbation theory. are applied several models. As such, Feynman rules given; relevant power-counting introduced; RG invariance shown; connection effective action discussed, explicit construction propagators inhomogeneous background given. formalism applies both phase Sphaleron transitions. While mainly focused on theory, applicable finite-dimensional systems. Finally, as this assumes [4–7, 12–14], only hold within framework.