Botulinum Neurotoxin Type-A for the Treatment of Atypical Odontalgia

Neurologic uses of botulinum neurotoxin type A

This article reviews the current and most neurologic uses of botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT-A), beginning with relevant historical data, neurochemical mechanism at the neuromuscular junction. Current commercial preparations of BoNT-A are reviewed, as are immunologic issues relating to secondary failure of BoNT-A therapy. Clinical uses are summarized with an emphasis on controlled clinical tr...

the investigation of the relationship between type a and type b personalities and quality of translation

چکیده ندارد.

Purification of Clostridium botulinum type A neurotoxin.

Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A in Neurology: Update

This paper reviews the current and most neurological (central nervous system, CNS) uses of the botulinum neurotoxin type A. The effect of these toxins at neuromuscular junction lends themselves to neurological diseases of muscle overactivity, particularly abnormalities of muscle control. There are seven serotypes of the toxin, each with a specific activity at the molecular level. Currently, ser...

Atypical odontalgia: a review of the literature.

OBJECTIVE To review previous reports of cases of atypical odontalgia to examine its epidemiological and clinical characteristics and to explore the etiology and pathophysiology of the disease. BACKGROUND Atypical odontalgia is one of many painful conditions that affect the oral cavity and is often overlooked in the differential diagnosis. METHODS A search of the literature was performed for...