Bismuth-based metal-organic frameworks derived rod-like nanoreactors for neutral aqueous battery-type anode

Bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) has received great attention as the promising battery-type anode due to its high theoretical capacity and wide operating voltage window, yet slow reaction kinetics poor cyclability are major obstacles affecting performance of energy storage devices. Herein, by employing bismuth-based metal-organic framework (MOF) CAU-17 both template precursor, Bi-Bi2O3 nanoparticles encapsulated in carbon nanorods (Bi-Bi2O3@CNR) fabricated through pyrolysis combining deliberate oxidation-state modulation. The Bi-Bi2O3@CNR exhibits enhanced electrical conductivity, fast kinetics, specific capacity, extended lifespan sodium sulfate electrolyte. robust, situ derived matrix a rod-like nanoreactor introduction metallic bismuth into crystalline structure enable electrode deliver package optimal electrochemical performance, evidenced substantial physicochemical characterizations, analysis density functional theory calculations. Consequently, neutral aqueous Na-ion battery-supercapacitor hybrid device based on δ-MnO2 cathode can achieve power densities simultaneously with an ultra-wide potential window 2.4 V. This work offers opportunity develop high-performance Bi2O3-based electrodes designing kinetically favorable host stability modulating oxidation states active component for anode.