Biotechnology: Cohen–Boyer patent finally confirmed

A Case for Expansive Patent Protection of Biotechnology Inventions

Patent first, ask questions later: morality and biotechnology in patent law.

This Article explores the U.S. "patent first, ask questions later" approach to determining what subject matter should receive patent protection. Under this approach, the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO or the Agency) issues patents on "anything under the sun made by man," and to the extent a patent's subject matter is sufficiently controversial, Congress acts retrospectively in assessin...

Determinants of Patent Citations in Biotechnology: An Analysis of Patent Influence Across the Industrial and Organizational Boundaries

The present paper extends the literature investigating key drivers leading certain patents to exert a stronger influence on the subsequent technological developments (inventions) than other ones. We investigated six key determinants, as (i) the use of scientific knowledge, (ii) the breadth of the technological base, (iii) the existence of collaboration in patent development, (iv) the number of ...

Only Finally ∗

Focus particles interact with the focused constituent in a sentence. The particle only presents a challenge to formalizing this relationship as while it commonly precedes the focused constituent, only can also follow it. A syntactic account of these constructions is presented that captures the unique properties of only’s distribution within the framework presented in Kayne (1998) and offers sup...

A family with hereditary cerebellar ataxia finally confirmed as Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome with P102L mutation in PRNP gene

Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome (GSS) is an exceedingly rare prion disease. There are only 3 case reports of GSS in China. Here we report the first GSS family in southern China. A 47-year-old female complained of unsteady gait and dysarthria. Seven other individuals presented similar symptoms in 3 generations of her family, and all died 4-6 years after onset. To detect causative mutatio...