Biohydrogen production from fermentation of organic waste, storage and applications

Biohydrogen is a carbon-free alternative energy source, that can be obtained from fermentation of organic waste, biomass-derived sugars, and wastewater. This article reviews the current processes for fermentative biohydrogen production biomass including its appropriate storage transport challenges. The review showed comparison pretreatment methods across literature complicated fermentability tests are necessary to determine best combination pretreatment/feedstock. Operational parameters, such as temperature, pH, macro/micronutrients addition widely dependent on type microorganisms used hence their content need tailored process. For immobilized cells, range hydrogen rate values reported granulation using mixed microbial cultures, were higher (13–297 mmol H2/L h) than those entrapment (1–115 adsorption (3–83 h), suggesting an achievable sustainable route full-scale applications. A purification phase mandatory before final use biohydrogens. Sorption techniques membranes most approaches. Pressure swing has highest recovery (it reaches 96%). In addition, have several forms with varying capacities (depending form and/or materials used). often faces technical economic challenges requiring optimization contribute development economy.