Biofilm Inhibition and Antimicrobial Properties of Silver-Ion-Exchanged Zeolite A against Vibrio spp Marine Pathogens

A challenging problem in the aquaculture industry is bacterial disease outbreaks, which result global reduction fish supply and foodborne outbreaks. Biofilms marine pathogens protect against antimicrobial treatment host immune defense. Zeolites are minerals of volcanic origin made from crystalline aluminosilicates, useful agriculture environmental management. In this study, silver-ion-exchanged zeolite four concentrations; 0.25 M (AgZ1), 0.50 (AgZ2), 1.00 (AgZ3) 1.50 (AgZ4) were investigated for biofilm inhibition properties two predominant pathogens, V. campbelli parahemolyticus, by employing minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) crystal violet quantification assays as well scanning electron microscopy. first instance, all samples AgZ1–AgZ4 showed activity both pathogens. For campbellii, AgZ4 exhibited highest MIC at 125.00 µg/mL, while parahaemolyticus, was observed AgZ3 62.50 µg/mL. At sublethal concentration, parahemolyticus 60.2 77.3% inhibition, respectively. Scanning microscopy profound structural alteration matrix AgZ4. This known study that highlights potential application ion-exchanged their biofilms.