Biodiesel Additives Synthesis Using Solid Heteropolyacid Catalysts

Fossil additives are a primary energy source and their contribution is around 80% in the world. Therefore, bioadditives that reduce impact each very important. This article discusses chemical transformation of glycerol to carbonate, ethers, esters, ketals, acetals, compounds with high technological applications, especially fuel sector as bioadditives. Mainly, heterogeneous catalysts important production more than chemicals word. The focus on demonstrating how Keggin heteropolyacids (HPAs) efficient reactions syntheses glycerol-derived bioadditives, either homogeneous or phases. Although solid, HPAs have low surface area soluble polar solvents, hampering use catalysts. Alternatively, they been successfully used supported solid matrixes area. Another option converting insoluble salts simply by exchanging protons large cations like potassium, cesium, ammonium-derivatives. heteropoly reduced cost environmental bioadditive synthesis processes, being an alternative traditional mineral acids solid-supported review describes most recent advances achieved processes over salts.