Bioaccumulation of chemical elements in vegetables as influenced by application frequency of municipal solid waste compost

Municipal solid waste (MSW) compost is used to enrich soils by virtue of its bio-physicochemical properties. However, undesirable accumulation chemical elements can reduce soil quality and cause food safety issues. A 5-yr field study was carried out investigate the impact Compost Quality Alliance (CQA)-tested MSW application frequency (annual, biennial no-compost) on element in edible portions lettuce (Lactuca sativa cv. Grand Rapids), beet (Beta vulgaris Detroit Supreme), carrot (Daucus carota Nantes), green bean (Phaseolus Golden Wax). Analysis showed that were highest annual followed biennial, but less control (no-compost) fallow soils. Soil background levels influenced concentrations iron (Fe) manganese (Mn) bean, aluminum (Al) beet, barium (Ba) carrot, lettuce. Cadmium (Cd) concentration lettuce, grown plot increased 48%, 52% 62%, respectively while recorded a 56% increase compared with no-compost. Bioaccumulation factors < 1 for all essential non-essential trace plant species, except boron (B) molybdenum (Mo). higher tendency accumulate Cd, rubidium (Rb), strontium (Sr). Overall, health risk human consumption low. Although long-term vegetables seemed safe consumption, it necessary continuously monitor potential accumulation, particularly plants.