Bee–plant interaction and community response along an urbanization gradient

نویسندگان

چکیده

Abstract Elucidating bee response to urbanization is essential promoting pollinator diversity in cities especially considering such landscapes are projected expand support future global populations. To determine how community composition and plant–pollinator interactions respond urbanization, 29 sites representing three urban categories (high, medium low urbanization) were monitored biweekly from May through early October Toronto, Canada. Bees collected passively using pan blue vane traps as well actively aerial nets vacuums compare structure networks among categories. Functional traits dietary breadth, behaviour, nesting substrate native or non-native status also examined landscape influences assemblages. In total, 5477 bees, comprising 26 genera 164 species, represented this study. The was largely supportive of species within the family Apidae Halictidae ground nesting, generalist species. Overall, affected by characteristics percent tree cover impervious (i.e. paved built) surface surrounding sites; however, richness abundance significantly influenced plant not variables. A total 3267 observed throughout study region with remaining consistent along gradient a few floral host plants Solidago dominating certain contexts. These results provide important land use information for targeting conservation habitat restoration.

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Urban Ecology

سال: 2023

ISSN: ['2058-5543']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jue/juad006