Beamforming Network Design Utilizing Node Microstrip Architectures for Dual-Polarized Endfire Millimeter-Wave Antenna Arrays

A node microstrip architecture is proposed for designing a compact Butler matrix (BM) that integrated with dual-polarized endfire antenna array. The can be used to form variety of 2 × port networks including, but not limited to, couplers and crossovers. By concatenating the together, BM any number ports formed. Using method, 4 operating in millimeter wave (mmWave) band designed size $2.1\lambda \times 2\lambda $ whole array notation="LaTeX">$2.6\lambda 4.8\lambda , which smaller than traditional structures. measured radiation pattern achieve beam scanning up ±38° azimuth plane. two beams also independently steered. optimized potentially suitable use fifth-generation (5G) wireless communication handsets.