Basal metabolic rate, maximum thermogenic capacity and aerobic scope in rodents: interaction between environmental temperature and torpor use

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Basal metabolic rate, maximum thermogenic capacity and aerobic scope in rodents: interaction between environmental temperature and torpor use.

When torpid animals arouse and warm up to restore normal body temperature (T(b)), they produce heat at levels that can reach up to 10 times basal metabolic rate (BMR), close to the cold-induced summit metabolism (VO(2)-sum). Because torpor is an adaptation aimed at conserving energy over periods of low ambient temperature (T(a)) and food availability, selective forces that have led to the evolu...

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investigating discourse markers use in spoken language between iranian tefl students and english native speakers

چارچوب نظری این مطالعه شامل یک گزارش عملکردی است و مبتنی بر تعریف شیفرین (1987) از مدل چند بعدی وابستگی مطالب است. این مطالعه 10 نشانگر گفتمان (بنابراین ، بله ، بسیار خوب ، باشه ، می دانید ، خوب ، چون، من فکر می کنم ، منظور من این است که ، در واقع) را با توجه به الگوی عملکردی مشلر(1994) در مورد نشانگرهای گفتمان طبقه بندی می کند. این مطالعه به بررسی مشخصات وقوع این عناصر در گفتار فی البداهه دانش...

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Biology Letters

سال: 2013

ISSN: 1744-9561,1744-957X

DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2012.1104