Bacterial Toxin Effector-Membrane Targeting: Outside in, then Back Again
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Bacterial Toxin Effector-Membrane Targeting: Outside in, then Back Again
Pathogenic bacteria utilize multiple approaches to establish infection and mediate their toxicity to eukaryotic cells. Dedicated protein machines deposit toxic effectors directly inside the host, whereas secreted toxins must enter cells independently of other bacterial components. Regardless of how they reach the cytosol, these bacterial proteins must accurately identify their intracellular tar...
متن کاملBacterial toxin-antitoxin systems targeting translation
Toxin-antitoxin systems (TAS) emerged more than 25 years ago and have since developed as an important field in molecular microbiology. TAS are autoregulated operons coding a stable toxin and an unstable antitoxin found in the plasmids and chromosomes of Bacteria and Archaea. The conditional activation of their toxins interferes with cell growth/viability and, depending on the context, can influ...
متن کاملThere and Back Again
For the past 40 years, researchers studied the relationship between mental disorder and terrorist involvement. The literature developed in 4 paradigms, each of which differs in terms of their empirical evidence, the specific mental disorders studied, and their conceptualizations of terrorist involvement. These paradigms have not, however, witnessed linear and incremental improvements upon 1 ano...
متن کاملProtein targeting to the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane.
Proteins that perform their activity within the cytoplasmic membrane or outside this cell boundary must be targeted to the translocation site prior to their insertion and/or translocation. In bacteria, several targeting routes are known; the SecB- and the signal recognition particle-dependent pathways are the best characterized. Recently, evidence for the existence of a third major route, the t...
متن کاملTo plasticity and back again
Both the gain and the loss of flexibility in the development of phenotypes have led to an increased diversity of physical forms in nematode worms.
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
سال: 2012
ISSN: 2235-2988
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2012.00075