Bacterial molecular mimicry in autoimmune diseases

Bacterial molecular mimicry in autoimmune diseases is one of the leading mechanisms by which microorganisms may induce autoimmunity and survive host. The main purpose current study was to determine microbes that elicit reactions through identify most relevant approaches investigate this mechanism. A classic example M protein Streptococcus pyogenes, induces antibody cross-reactivity with a cardiac causes rheumatic fever. Another notable from Porphyromonas gingivalis closely resembles human heat shock accelerates atherosclerotic. There evidence antibodies against Helicobacter pylori CagA interact different parts smooth muscle endothelial cells enhancing atherosclerotic vascular disease. Recently, cause infertility has been associated Staphylococcus aureus triggers an response cross-reacts spermatozoa proteins. Further examples bacterial are Chlamydia pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Yersinia, Salmonella. From literature, widely used methods field Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST), serological assays, phage display. subjects particular concern vaccine immunosuppressive drugs side-effects, therefore alternative needed. Such approach display where therapeutic fragments obtained technique have treatment neutralizing pathological effects autoantibodies. Phage libraries constructed repertoires disease patients. Antibody without Fc domain can not receptors proteins complement system trigger diseases. block receptors. In conclusion, review highlights key aspects better understand factors encourage further research field.