AUTOMOBILE AND RAILROAD TRANSPORTATIONS

Optimal Commuting and Work Start Time Distributions under Flexible Work Hours System considering Modal Split between Automobile and Railroad*

近年,通 勤混雑 の緩和 策 として,交 通需要管理(TDM) 施策が着 目されてい る.中 で も通勤需要を時間的に分散 させ る施策の有効性が確かめ られ,フ レックスタイム制 度は徐 々に浸透 しつつ ある1).フ レックスタイム制度 の 評価 をす る際には,混 雑の外部不経済性の緩 和効果だけ に着 目す るのではな く,労 働時間帯のずれに よる業務 活 動の効率低下,す なわ ち時間的集積の経済性 への悪影 響 を考慮す る必要が ある.筆 者 らは これ まで,始 業時刻変 更 による業務活動の効率低下 の影響 を考慮 した通勤 ・始 業時刻分布 を分析で きる理論モデル を構築 し,フ レック スタイム制度 の経済評価 を行った2),3).し か しなが ら,こ れ らの分析では大都市圏 中心部の通勤鉄道や地方都市の 自動車通勤 を念頭 に置 いた単一モー ドの下で...

Transportations Systems Modeling and Applications in Earthquake Engineering

Railroad Transportation

Railroad Safety and Public Policy

This paper discusses the safety challenges faced by railroads in the United States. It discusses and evaluates public policy dealing with trespassing, grade crossing collisions, occupational injuries and operational accidents. The primary conclusion is that the government oversight body, the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA), should take on the role of teacher and risk analyst rather than t...

Trespassing on the Railroad

Greater than half of all the fatal injuries on United States railroads are sustained by trespassers. The paper provides a statistical analysis of the demographics of trespassers, the activities they were engaged in, and the causes of injury. It also analyzes trends over time. The paper finds that the risks of injury and death are particularly acute for males in their 20s and 30s. The annual cas...