Automated flow control of a multi-lane swimming chamber for small fishes indicates species-specific sensitivity to experimental protocols

Abstract In fishes, swimming performance is considered an important metric to measure fitness, dispersal and migratory abilities. The of individual larval fishes often integrated into models make inferences on how environmental parameters affect population-level dynamics (e.g. connectivity). However, little information exists regarding experimental protocols the marine fish larvae. addition, technical setups used lack automation accurate control water quality flow velocity. this study, we automated multi-lane chambers for small by developing open-source algorithm. This allowed us execute repeatable scenarios reduce operator interference inaccuracies in velocity typically associated with manual control. Furthermore, made structural modifications a prior design areas lower We then validated new using computational fluid particle-tracking software. algorithm provided alignment between set measured velocities it test whether faster critical speed (Ucrit) (i.e. shorter time intervals higher increments) would increase Ucrit early life stages two tropical species [4–10-mm standard length (SL)]. barramundi (Lates calcarifer) cinnamon anemonefish (Amphiprion melanopus) increased linearly length, but anemonefish, started decrease upon metamorphosis. Swimming longer (more than 2.5 times increase) negatively affected not barramundi. These species-specific differences highlight importance testing suitable experimentation. will create more data fishes. Integrating refined measurements individual-based support future research effects change.