Attitudinal and Behavioral Loyalty: Do Psychological and Political Factors Matter in Tourism Development?

The growth of tourism in the Middle East suffers from ongoing political unrest and conflicts across region. While previous studies have discussed impact psychological factors on industry Arab world at an aggregated level, role major dominant such as perceived risks, media, neutral diplomatic foreign relations not yet been investigated. objectives this study are to compare differences between local international tourists, risk affecting their loyalty Oman a tourist destination; investigate how attitudinal behavioral is influenced by tourists’ satisfaction, value, attachment, familiarity, motivations; measure extent which could mitigate instability region, thereby enhancing case Oman. This employed qualitative (descriptive comparison analyses) quantitative (multiple regression ordinal logistic models) techniques analyses. Findings reveal that tourists developed both toward its neutrality does matter, despite perceptions International significantly report higher satisfaction than locals’ with destination. It can be concluded Omani outperformed associated Results important for decision-makers they best practices increase quantity quality based characteristics, knowledge, behaviors. reveals potential reforms re-visitations contain implications agencies private sectors—improving services around sites; investing sports, wildlife, adventure tourism; hiring public firms marketing; eliminating any bureaucracy investors businesses welcoming competition; domestic stimulating economy during downturns.