Asymmetric patterns of recovery in two habitat forming seagrass species following simulated overgrazing by urchins

analyzing patterns of classroom interaction in efl classrooms in iran

با به کار گیری روش گفتما ن شنا سی در تحقیق حا ضر گفتا ر میا ن آموزگا را ن و زبا ن آموزا ن در کلا سهای زبا ن انگلیسی در ایرا ن مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. ا هداف تحقیق عبا رت بودند از: الف) شنا سا ئی سا ختارهای ارتبا ط گفتا ری میا ن معلمین و زبا ن آموزا ن ب) بررسی تا ثیر نقش جنسیت دبیرا ن و زبا ن آموزان بر سا ختا رهای ارتبا ط گفتا ری میا ن آنها پ) مشخص کردن اینکه آ یا آموزگاران غا لب بر این ارتبا ط گف...

Conspecific sperm precedence in two species of tropical sea urchins.

Conspecific sperm precedence occurs when females are exposed to sperm from males of multiple species, but preferentially use sperm of a conspecific. Conspecific sperm precedence and its mechanisms have been documented widely in terrestrial species, in which complex female behaviors or reproductive tract morphologies can allow many opportunities for female choice and sperm competition, however, ...

Habitat selection by two competing species in a two-habitat environment.

We present a theoretical study of habitat selection strategies for two species that compete in an environment consisting of two different habitats. Our fitness functions are derived from the Lotka-Volterra competition equations, and we assume that individuals settle in the habitat in which their fitness is maximized. We derive an ideal free distribution across the habitats for both species. Our...

Simulating self-organized spatial patterns induced by overgrazing

Differences in anti-predator traits of a native bivalve following invasion by a habitat-forming seaweed

Invasive habitat-forming species cause large changes to the abiotic environment, whichmay lead to lethal and sublethal effects on native fauna. In this study, we tested whether morphological anti-predator traits of an infaunal bivalve, Anadara trapezia, differed between areas invaded by the habitat-forming seaweed Caulerpa taxifolia and uninvaded habitats in estuaries in New South Wales, Austra...