Association of carotid atherosclerosis and peripheral artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: risk factors and biomarkers

BACKGROUND: Carotid atherosclerosis (CA) and lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a common potentially life-threatening comorbidity in diabetes. AIM: to determine risk factors biomarkers of the association CA PAD patients with type 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS : A single-center cross-sectional comparative study was carried out. Three hundred ninety one diabetes were included. Duplex ultrasound carotid low limb arteries, screening/monitoring diabetic complications associated diseases, assessment glycemic control, biochemical coagulation parameters performed. Factors involved vascular wall remodeling, including calponin-1, relaxin, L-citrulline, matrix metalloproteinase-2 -3, measured blood serum by ELISA. RESULTS: The signs observed 330 187 respectively. In 178 patients, both revealed. combined involvement arteries higher retinopathy (OR=2.57, p<0.001), chronic kidney (OR=4.48, history myocardial infarction (OR=5.09, coronary revascularization (OR=4.31, p<0.001) or cerebrovascular accident (OR=3.07, p<0.001). ROC-analysis, age ≥65.5 years (OR=3.43, waist-to-hip ratio ≥0.967 (OR=3.01, p=0.001), duration ≥12.5 (OR=3.7, insulin therapy ≥4.5 (OR=3.05, arterial hypertension ≥16.5 (OR=1.98, p=0.002), L-citrulline ≥68 µmol/l (OR=3.82, p=0.003), mean amplitude glucose excursions ≥3.72 mmol/l (OR=1.79, p=0.006) for two beds. multivariate logistic regression analysis, age, independent (p=0.005, p=0.0003, p=0.004 respectively). CONCLUSION: subjects diabetes, atherosclerotic duration, abdominal obesity, microvascular macrovascular complications, variability, high levels L-citrulline.