Assessment of Agricultural Residue to Produce Activated Carbon-Supported Nickel Catalysts and Hydrogen Rich Gas

The aim of this study was to synthesize chemically activated carbons from different agricultural residues, i.e., pistachio shell (PS), bitter orange peel (OP), and saffron petal (SP), subsequently use them as supports for loading a Ni catalyst. Supercritical water gasification bio-oil applied investigate the catalytic performance resulting catalysts. physicochemical properties carbon (ACs) catalysts (Ni/ACs) were characterized with BET, XRD, XPS, TEM, TPD. adsorption results showed that ACs developed considerable pore structures, containing both micro- mesopores, which validated by well-distributed active phases on in TEM images. Furthermore, it found BET AC(PS) 1410 m2/g, higher than AC(OP) (1085 m2/g) AC(SP) (900 m2/g). obtained XRD mainly indicated presence nickel phosphides phases, confirmed XPS TPD analyses. tests raising process temperature, total amount gas hydrogen increased. Ni/AC(PS) superior activity. highest (i.e., 7.87 mmol/g bio-oil), together 37.2 vol.% H2, achieved using 1:10:100 catalyst:bio-oil weight ratio mass 1:10 (bio-oil/water) at T = 550 °C.