Assessing the Potential of Geostationary Himawari-8 for Mapping Surface Total Suspended Solids and Its Diurnal Changes

Ocean color sensors, typically installed on polar-orbiting satellites, have been used to monitor oceanic processes for last three decades. However, their temporal resolution is not considered be adequate monitoring highly dynamic processes, especially when considering data gaps due cloud contamination. The Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI) onboard the Himawari-8, a geostationary satellite operated by Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), acquires imagery every 10 min at 500 m 2000 spatial resolution. AHI sensor with visible, one near-infrared (NIR), and two shortwave-infrared (SWIR) bands displays good potential in high This study investigated identified an appropriate atmospheric correction method data; developed model Total Suspended Solids (TSS) concentrations estimation using hyperspectral in-situ measurements of TSS; validated model; assessed its capture diurnal changes imagery. Two image-based methods, NIR-SWIR SWIR were tested correcting data. Then, new was applied atmospherically corrected map TSS Pearl River Estuary (PRE) neighboring coastal areas. results indicated that outperformed method, compared water-leaving reflectance showed agreement between AHI-derived measured coefficient determination (R²) 0.85, mean absolute error (MAE) 3.1 mg/L, root square (RMSE) 3.9 average percentage difference (APD) 30% (TSS range 1–40 mg/L). Moreover, variation turbidity front, Normalized Material Index (NSMI), capability track fronts, frequency. present indicates image capturing frequency can surface concentrations. These are only important sensitive areas but also scientific understanding TSS.