Assessing bias: the importance of considering confounding
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چکیده
منابع مشابه
Assessing bias: the importance of considering confounding
When a difference in an outcome (eg, pain) between exposures (eg, treatment groups) is observed, one needs to consider whether the effect is truly because of exposure or if alternate explanations are possible. As we discussed in the previous issue of EBSJ, to evaluate the validity of a research study, factors that might distort the true association and/or influence its interpretation need to be...
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Introduction In epidemiologic research, it is essential to avoid bias, to control confounding and to undertake accurate replication. Bias, confounding and random variation/chance are the non-causal reasons for an association between an exposure and outcome. These major threats to internal validity of a study should always be considered as alternative explanations in the interpretation. Bias is ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Evidence-Based Spine-Care Journal
سال: 2012
ISSN: 1663-7976,1869-4136
DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1298595