As Iowa Approached Statehood

Meaning Approached Via Proofs

According to a main idea of Gentzen the meanings of the logical constants are reflected by the introduction rules in his system of natural deduction. This idea is here understood as saying roughly that a closed argument ending with an introduction is valid provided that its immediate subarguments are valid and that other closed arguments are justified to the extent that they can be brought to i...

Harmony in dermatology and venereology successfully approached.

The scalar logics of universities as part of statehood transformation in Finland, 1970–1990

In Finland, gradual state restructuring from a Nordic welfare state towards a more international competition state began in the mid-1980s. This transformation affected discourses and spatial ways of thinking about the primary scales of social action. As the strategies of the welfare-state regime emphasised major public investments for the development of infrastructure and equal opportunities ac...

“ Partial Statehood ” and Local Fiscal Capacity in the West Bank ∗

This paper takes advantage of the overlapping geographies of Israeli military and Palestinian civil authority in the West Bank to examine the association between “partial”, or “fragmented”, statehood at the national level and the fiscal capacity of local governments. The main empirical finding is that local governments in areas of the West Bank that operate under shared Israeli-Palestinian cont...

A downturn in intergalactic C IV as redshift 6 is approached

We present the results of the largest survey to date for intergalactic metals at redshifts z > 5, using near-IR spectra of nine QSOs with emission redshifts zem > 5.7. We detect three strong C IV doublets at zabs = 5.7–5.8, two low ionisation systems at zabs > 5, and numerous Mg II absorbers at zabs = 2.5–2.8. We find, for the first time, a change in the comoving mass density of C IV ions as we...