Arguments, scenarios and probabilities: connections between three normative frameworks for evidential reasoning
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Arguments, Scenarios and Probabilities: Connections between Three Normative Frameworks for Evidential Reasoning1
Due to the uses of DNA profiling in criminal investigation and decision-making, it is ever more common that probabilistic information is discussed in courts. The people involved have varied backgrounds, as fact-finders and lawyers are more trained in the use of non-probabilistic information, while forensic experts handle probabilistic information on a routine basis. Hence, it is important to ha...
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Artificial intelligence research on reasoning with criminal evidence in terms of arguments, hypothetical scenarios, and probabilities inspired the approach in this paper. That research showed that Bayesian Networks can be used for modeling arguments and structured hypotheses. Also well-known issues with Bayesian Network were encountered: More numbers are needed than are available, and there is ...
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The process of proof is one of inference to the best explanation, in which alternative scenarios are supported and attacked by arguments. This combination of scenarios and arguments was previously presented as a formal hybrid theory. In this paper, the aim is to further integrate scenarios and arguments by defining a notion of attack between alternative explanations. Thus, scenarios and argumen...
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This paper presents a formalisation of two typical legal dialogue moves in a formal dialogue game for argumentation. The moves concern two ways of reinterpreting a general rule used in an argument, viz. by ‘unpacking’ and ‘refining’ the rule. The moves can be made not only by the user but also by the attacker of the rule, in order to reveal new ways to attack it. The new dialogue game is illust...
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Evidential reasoning is hard, and errors can lead to miscarriages of justice with serious consequences. Analytic methods for the correct handling of evidence come in different styles, typically focusing on one of three tools: arguments, scenarios or probabilities. Recent research used Bayesian Networks for connecting arguments, scenarios, and probabilities. Well-known issues with Bayesian Netwo...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Law, Probability and Risk
سال: 2015
ISSN: 1470-8396,1470-840X
DOI: 10.1093/lpr/mgv013