Are Cut-off Lows simulated better in CMIP6 compared to CMIP5?

Abstract This is the first study to show global Cut-off Low (COL) activity in 46 models participating Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) and 6 (CMIP6). The COL historical simulations for period 1979–2005 obtained from CMIP5 CMIP6 their ensembles are compared with ERA5 reanalysis using an objective feature-tracking algorithm. results that simulate spatial distribution of COLs more realistically than models. Some improvements include reduced equatorward bias underestimation over regions high density. Reduced biases mainly attributed improved representation zonal wind due poleward shift subtropical jet streams. systematically underestimate intensity as measured by T42 vorticity at 250 hPa. In CMIP6, still underestimated summer, but overestimated winter part increased westerlies. overestimation enhanced finer resolution identify strong systems coarser Other aspects such temporal lifetime distributions modestly CMIP5. Finally, predictive skill climate evaluated five variables Taylor diagram. We find 15 out 20 (75%) best coupled belong this highlights overall improvement its predecessor Despite this, use multi-model ensemble average seems be better simulating individual