منابع مشابه
8 Does Market Theory Apply to Biology ?
Traditionally, market models in economics describe interactions in which the commodities traded are subject to complete contracts that are enforceable at no cost. Such contracts do not exist among other animals. In conventional economic models, there is also no account of who meets whom, what the traders know, and how they settle on a transaction, whereas these aspects play a major role in biol...
متن کامل29. Peer-to-Peer Market Management
This chapter focuses on the economic aspects of Peer-to-Peer networks. In particular, it describes the most important requirements and presents a basic architecture for a market-managed Peer-to-Peer system supporting commercial applications going beyond pure file sharing. In general Peer-to-Peer systems can be used to share any kind of resource, including but not limited to, computing power, st...
متن کاملSummary Review Documentation for “Boosting Market Liquidity of Peer-to-Peer Systems Through Cyclic Trading”
Strengths: The strengths are (i) nice idea, (ii) clear evaluation, (iii) real implementation. Weaknesses: The weaknesses are (i) lack of empirical results from implementation, (ii) lack of discussion of potential gaming, (iii) relatively small delta to previous work (e.g. [11] & [14]). Comments to Authors: One problem with this idea is that it sort of assumes that different swarms are substitut...
متن کاملVulnerability of health to market forces.
OBJECTIVES This article reviews adverse influences of for-profit enterprises on health care and public health, and examines significance for public policy. RESEARCH DESIGN Narrative review. RESULTS For-profit health-care industries may increase costs and reduce quality, leading to market failure and contributing to the USA's unflattering position in international comparisons of health-care ...
متن کاملA peer-to-peer Market for Grid Computing
In one of the latest developments in Grid Computing Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks have become fashionable for the Grid system architecture. The current implementations are either Data Grids or CPU sharing Grids. In this paper we begin to investigate how a P2P network can behave as CPU sharing Grid. In our model the nodes of the network are very simple and either require or offer service for the e...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nature
سال: 2014
ISSN: 0028-0836,1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/506295b