Application of Bootstrap Panel Granger Causality Test in Determining the Relationship between Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy Consumption and Economic Growth: a Case Study of OPEC Countries
نویسندگان
چکیده
The purpose of this article was to investigate the relationship between renewable and non-renewable energy consumption on economic growth in 10 oil-exporting countries for period 1980 2018. To get purpose, bootstrap panel causality test has been deployed. According findings study consumption, results showed that hypothesis Ecuador is well grounded. Besides, conservation valid Algeria Iran. feedback based a two-way Saudi Arabia UAE also confirmed, while there evidence neutrality Angola, Iraq, Nigeria, Venezuela, Congo. Regarding confirmed Ecuador, UAE, Iran, Arabia, observed Iraq Algeria. Also, no causal confirmed.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Technology and economics of smart grids and sustainable energy
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['2199-4706']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40866-021-00106-x