منابع مشابه
Manipulating the Gut Flora
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract represents a complex ecosystem in which a balance exists between the intestinal microflora and the host. The microflora comprises predominantly of facultative anaerobes e.g. lactobacillus and obligate anaerobes e.g. bifidobacterium. Aerobic organisms are not present in the GI tract of healthy individuals except Pseudomonas in very small numbers. Most of the gut m...
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In a young evolving science, there are always more questions than answers. That is also the situation in the emerging field of Probiotics, and this was made very clear at the International Probiotics Workshop in Amsterdam. In the report of this workshop, we present a selection of the most urgent questions in the field of probiotics. In addition, we propose a few strategies for the future of pro...
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Commensal microorganisms are not ignored by the intestinal immune system. Recent evidence shows that commensals actively participate in maintaining intestinal immune homeostasis by interacting with intestinal epithelial cells and delivering tolerogenic signals that are transmitted to the underlying cells of the immune system.
متن کاملGut flora in health and disease.
The human gut is the natural habitat for a large and dynamic bacterial community, but a substantial part of these bacterial populations are still to be described. However, the relevance and effect of resident bacteria on a host's physiology and pathology has been well documented. Major functions of the gut microflora include metabolic activities that result in salvage of energy and absorbable n...
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1. P. D. Gingerich, Science 222, 159 (1983). 2. S. J. Gould, ibid. 226, 994 (1984). 3. A. Hallam, Nature (London) 258, 493 (1975). 4. J. T. Bonner, J. Paleontol. 42 (supplement to No. 5), 1 (1968). 5. N. Eldredge and S. J. Gould, in Models in Paleobiology, T. J. M. Schopf, Ed. (Freeman, Cooper, San Francisco, 1972), p. 82; S. J. Gould, in Perspectives on Evolution, R. Milkman, Ed. (Sinaur Assoc...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: BMJ
سال: 1970
ISSN: 0959-8138,1468-5833
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.4.5726.56-a