Antibiotic Residue in Raw Milk Collected from Dairy Farms and Markets in Nepal

Antibiotic residue in food has been a growing public health problem due to the increasing global threats of antimicrobial resistance. Animal products including milk and meats might also contain residues antibiotics as administering animals treat infection is common practice. However, level presence are not frequently quantified Nepal. The objective this study estimate collected from dairy farms markets. A total 935 raw samples were 14 districts 5 provinces namely Koshi, Madhesh, Bagmati, Gandaki Lumbini province. Samples tested at Veterinary Standards Drug Regulatory Laboratory (VSDRL) June 2021 Dec 2022 first using Rapid Test Kit followed by Gentamicin ELISA for quantification. result showed was present 1.6% (15/935). On further quantification with ELISA, only 4 (0.42%) positive antibiotic which below MRL level. Extensive research larger sample size national representative needed understand exact scenario milk.